面向低空经济的城市近郊声环境优化:物流无人机噪声 的景观干预路径
DOI:
作者:
作者单位:

作者简介:

通讯作者:

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划(编号:2023YFC3805303);上海市科学技术委员会自然科学基金“基于视听交感融合的上海快速路沿线住区景观对居民 心理健康的影响机制及其综合降噪方法”(编号:24ZR1469800)


Soundscape Optimization in Suburban Areas for the Low-Altitude Economy: Landscape Intervention Strategies for Logistics Drone Noise
Author:
Affiliation:

Fund Project:

  • 摘要
  • |
  • 图/表
  • |
  • 访问统计
  • |
  • 参考文献
  • |
  • 相似文献
  • |
  • 引证文献
  • |
  • 资源附件
    摘要:

    随着“低空经济”上升为国家战略,无人机物流作为其核心载体在提升效率的同时,也因其特殊的噪声频谱 特性对城市声环境构成新挑战。针对无人机噪声特性,聚焦城市近郊区域,对物流无人机噪声影响下视觉 景观环境特征对公众视听感知的影响机制展开研究。选取中山市坦洲镇为实验场地,以DJI FlyCart 30 物 流无人机为标准声源,通过声漫步实验采集12 个典型场景在不同飞行高度(20 m、30 m、40 m)下的视觉环 境特征(植被、天空、建筑及硬质)、听觉环境指标(等效连续A 加权声压级、峰度)和主观感知指标(满意 度、烦恼度、平静度、协调度)数据,综合运用声学测量和计算机视觉语义分割技术量化视听环境要素,并基 于多层线性模型构建主观感知关联模型,解析了视听环境要素对主观感知的影响机制。研究结果发现:在 无人机噪声影响下,公众满意度与顶层、底层绿化及天空占比成正比;听觉烦恼度随硬质铺装、底层绿化及 天空占比的增加而显著上升,随顶层绿化占比的增加而降低;声景平静度仅受听觉要素影响,与声学峰度和 等效声压级呈负相关;而协调度则主要受底层绿化占比的负面影响 。据此,从区域管控、航线优化、绿化配 置和下垫面材质更新4 个维度,有针对性地提出规划管控与空间干预策略,为缓解低空经济发展面临的噪 声问题提供理论与实践路径。

    Abstract:

    In light of the emergence of the “low-altitude economy” as a national strategy, logistics drones—its primary operational carriers— are undergoing signifi cant advancements in delivery effi ciency. Concurrently, these drones introduce novel challenges to the urban acoustic environment owing to their distinctive noise spectral characteristics. This study concentrates on suburban regions to examine how visual landscape features infl uence public audiovisual perception in the context of logistics drone noise. Tanzhou Town in Zhongshan City was designated as the experimental site, with the DJI FlyCart 30 utilized as the standardized sound source. A soundwalk experiment was carried out across 12 typical scenarios at three fl ight altitudes (20 m, 30 m, 40 m), collecting data on visual environmental indicators (vegetation, sky, buildings, hardscape), auditory indicators (A-weighted equivalent continuous sound pressure level, kurtosis), and subjective perception indicators (satisfaction, annoyance, calmness, and coherence). Audiovisual environmental features were quantifi ed using acoustic measurements and computer-vision–based semantic segmentation techniques. A Multilevel Linear Model (MLM) was then developed to examine the mechanisms underlying the infl uence of audiovisual factors on subjective perception. The results indicate that under the infl uence of drone noise, public satisfaction is positively correlated with the proportions of top-layer vegetation, bottom-layer vegetation, and sky. Conversely, auditory annoyance increases with the proportions of hardscape, bottom-layer vegetation, and sky, whereas it decreases with higher top-layer vegetation. Soundscape calmness is infl uenced solely by auditory factors, showing a negative correlation with acoustic kurtosis and equivalent sound pressure levels. Meanwhile, coherence is primarily negatively aff ected by the proportion of bottom-layer vegetation. Accordingly, this study proposes targeted planning control and spatial intervention strategies from four dimensions: regional control, fl ight route optimization, greenery confi guration, and ground surface material renewal. These fi ndings provide theoretical and practical pathways to mitigate the noise issues associated with the development of the low-altitude economy.

    参考文献
    相似文献
    引证文献
引用本文

邵钰涵,蔡轻舟,陆嘉宜. 面向低空经济的城市近郊声环境优化:物流无人机噪声 的景观干预路径 [J]. 园林, 2026, (3): 22-32. 复制

文章指标
  • 点击次数:
  • 下载次数:
  • HTML阅读次数:
  • 引用次数:
历史
  • 收稿日期:
  • 最后修改日期:
  • 录用日期:
  • 在线发布日期: 2026-03-10
  • 出版日期: