The discipline of landscape architecture bears the critical mission of coordinating territorial spatial planning. Traditional Chinese agricultural production systems embody composite functions. By establishing a hierarchical and integrated research framework, we can systematically map the historical evolution of farmland irrigation structures in the Chengdu Plain, conduct an in-depth analysis of the construction mechanisms of self-flow paddy fields, examine the characteristics of regional agricultural landscapes, and identify existing challenges. This comprehensive approach can provide strategic insights for current urban development and policymaking. Supported by the Dujiangyan dam-free water diversion system for over 2 000 years, the region has developed a distinctive agroecosystem characterized by rice-dominated landscapes and Linpan settlements (woodland-farmland complexes), maintaining long-term stability in its farmland-water network through traditional ecological wisdom. By periodizing historical phases (from ancient Shu to the Ming-Qing dynasties), we trace the developmental trajectory of agricultural landscapes, revealing that hydraulic infrastructure fundamentally drove their evolution. Notably, the Tang-Song period emerged as a critical juncture that profoundly shaped the spatial configuration of regional agroecosystems. Concurrently, we identify structural disruptions to traditional landscapes caused by urbanization and modern agricultural technology since the modern era. Simultaneously, it offers insights into the structural disruptions confronting traditional landscapes due to modern urbanization and agricultural technologies, aiming to provide references for advancing regional synergy and sustainable paradigms for heritage-type hydraulic engineering.