The proliferation of smartphones has fueled mobile phone addiction among college students, posing a threat to their physical and mental well-being. While campus green spaces have been proven to off er mental health benefi ts, their relationship with mobile phone addiction has not been defi nitively clarifi ed. This study surveyed 767 undergraduates from 15 universities in Hangzhou, collecting data on smartphone addiction scores, the normalized diff erence vegetation index (NDVI), the Shannon-Wiener index, and other relevant metrics via questionnaires, remote sensing, and plot surveys. Propensity score matching (PSM) and weighted least squares (WLS) regression analyses were employed. Results revealed that long-term exposure to campus green spaces signifi cantly diminishes mobile phone addiction. The inhibitory eff ect of NDVI is contingent upon prolonged exposure, while the Shannon-Wiener index demonstrates a signifi cant positive correlation with addiction. Additionally, the frequency of green space usage, duration of stay, and positive perceptions are negatively associated with addiction levels. This study provides scientifi c evidence supporting campus green spaces as an eff ective intervention to mitigate mobile phone addiction among college students. It recommends prioritizing accessibility, user experience, and visual quality in campus planning over blind pursuit of high plant diversity to maximize health benefi ts.