With the rapid expansion and optimization of Chinese cities, the spatial patterns of urban green spaces, particularly roads, have undergone signifi cant changes. These changes are becoming increasingly complex due to various factors, particularly those infl uenced by geography. Various geographical factors aff ect the output of ecological benefi ts and impose diverse demands on vegetation cultivation and conservation. To achieve this goal, we incorporated the i-Tree model and geodetector analysis to investigate Ginkgo biloba, a relic native tree species in China and a common urban street tree. To specify the spatial heterogeneity of the ecological benefi ts of G. biloba at the street scale, we used the i-Tree model to calculate fi ve ecological benefits of G. biloba. Furthermore, hotspot analysis was conducted on the ecological benefits of individual street ginkgo trees within the study area, divided into three ring zones. Finally, the geodetector model was used to calculate the impact of 10 factors on the ecological benefits of G. biloba in the three urban areas. The results indicated that the ecological benefits of Ginkgo biloba in the research area are ranked as follows: aesthetic benefits > rainwater interception benefi ts > energy conservation benefi ts > carbon dioxide absorption benefits > air quality improvement benefits. The ecological benefi t pattern of G. biloba exhibited significant spatial heterogeneity, with distinct high and low value areas that were statistically signifi cant. Furthermore, soil type, the shortest distance from the road to the water body, and road width were signifi cant determinants of the trees’ ecological benefits. This study provides valuable insights into the prudent planning of Ginkgo tree cultivation and can assist decision-makers in designing eco-friendly urban environments suitable for the tree species. Notably, our study method can be adapted to other tree species and urban areas outside China, thereby demonstrating global applicability.