The rapid urbanization process has led to the rapid growth of the urban population, and problems such as resource waste and domestic waste disposal have become increasingly prominent. In this context, the concept of a “waste-free city” advocates the goal of reducing waste generation and realizing resource recycling, which is of great significance to promoting sustainable urban development. Based on this concept, urban environmentally friendly waste treatment facilities have begun to receive much attention and become a construction hotspot. Their landscape design should also conform to the “waste-free city” recycling concept. Given this, by clarifying the development context of “waste-free cities” at home and abroad, the idea of a “waste-free city” is related to the landscape construction of food waste treatment plants, and a theoretical framework of the waste treatment plant landscape design system is constructed. Finally, based on the landscape construction practice of Nanjing Jiushengmei Food Waste Treatment Plant, a strategy for environmentally friendly garbage plant landscape design is proposed from three aspects: integrating ecological concepts and current resources, combining resource recycling, and coupling social participation and landscape construction. Reuse is used as the primary design method to create a “waste-free garden” landscape, providing new references and ideas for similar landscape designs.