Against the backdrop of ongoing globalization and urbanization, the impact of the community-built environment on healthy cities is increasingly gaining attention. This study systematically analyzes 1 299 documents from the Google Scholar and Web of Science databases, using the CiteSpace6 software and the Connected Papers platform to delve into the interrelationship between the community-built environment and the well-being of healthy cities. The research focuses on critical areas such as the urban community environment, spatial layout design, pedestrian traffic, and physical activity. The study employs the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Delphi Method for expert consultation to construct a comprehensive evaluation model of the community-built environment oriented towards healthy cities. This model considers various critical dimensions, including the accessibility of transportation systems, ecology and sustainability, health promotion facilities, spatial design, and land use. Based on the status of the built environment in three communities in Yangpu District, Shanghai, 3061 Yangpu Road, Fan Guan Nong, and Xinfu Kangli, the study systematically analyzes the influencing mechanisms. It explores a series of targeted optimization strategies accordingly. The research emphasizes the necessity of interdisciplinary cooperation to provide a solid scientific foundation for urban renewal practices and formulating government public policies, thereby promoting the construction and development of health-friendly community environments.