基于三维点云数据的城市绿地植被参数评估体系研究 ——以唐山市唐丰南路为例
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国家重点研发计划项目“典型城市廊道多功能耦合网络构建与生态修复技术”(编号:2022YFC3802604)


Research on Urban Green Space Vegetation Parameter Evaluation System Based on Three-Dimensional Point Cloud Data: Taking Tangfeng South Road in Tangshan City as an Example
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    摘要:

    传统植被指标的测量方式需要消耗大量的人力、物力与时间,且忽视了不同植被类型和结构的生态效益影响。基于点云数据能够有效评估城市绿地三维植被参数,但受制于数据精度、算法软件等因素影响,该方法结果精度存在10%~20%的误差。以唐山市唐丰南路为例,选取了三处典型样地(50 m × 50 m),进行无人机遥感影像和手持激光雷达数据采集,从单木尺度和样地尺度构建三维植被参数体系,以融合数据为准,对比分析了无人机点云数据和手持激光雷达点云数据在提取各项植被参数的精度。对无人机点云数据中的单木数量、总冠幅面积、乔木层绿量、灌木层绿量、平均三维绿量密度、郁闭度、间隙率和叶面积共8项参数,手持激光雷达数据中的平均树高、平均冠径、平均冠幅面积、乔木层绿量和平均三维绿量密度共5项参数,分别提出了修正系数,以提高结果精度,为后续研究提供帮助。最后,探讨了无人机摄影测量技术和激光雷达技术在未来可能的应用方向。

    Abstract:

    The traditional measurement method of vegetation indicators consumes a lot of manpower, material resources and time, and ignores the ecological benefits of different vegetation types and structures. The point cloud data can effectively evaluate the 3D vegetation parameters of urban green space, but due to the influence of data accuracy, algorithm software and other factors, the accuracy of the results of this method has an error of 10% to 20%. In this paper, taking Tangfeng South Road in Tangshan City as an example, three typical sample plots (50 m×50 m) were selected to collect UAV remote sensing images and handheld lidar data, and a three-dimensional vegetation parameter system was constructed from the single tree scale and the sample plot scale. Correction coefficients were proposed for eight parameters in the UAV point cloud data, including the number of individual trees, the total crown width area, the green amount of the tree layer, the green amount of the shrub layer, the average three-dimensional green density, the canopy density, the gap rate and the leaf area, and the five parameters of the handheld lidar data, including the average tree height, the average crown diameter, the average crown width area, the green content of the arbor layer and the average three-dimensional green density, in order to improve the accuracy of the results and provide help for the follow-up research. Finally, this paper discusses the possible application directions of UAV photogrammetry technology and lidar technology in the future.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2024-03-01
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