From the Song Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, a large number of poems related to Mount Qiyun greatly highlighted its social influence and literary value, and to some extent, reflected the core landscape, typical image, and historical evolution of the mountain. Based on manually sorting out the ancient poems of Mount Qiyun, combined with the background of the times, the cultural environment, landscape elements, and typical landscape time evolution characteristics of Mount Qiyun were analyzed by qualitative and quantitative (typical landscape index, landscape typicality index, Word-Cloud, etc.) methods. The results show that: (1) the poets’ identity has expanded from “mainly local Taoist and scholar” to officials, ordinary poets, opera writers, calligraphers, geographers, and other socially famous scholars as well as Buddhist lay and Taoist from all regions. The geographical distribution of the poets’ native place shows the development characteristics of “concentrated in the southeast region and radiating to the surrounding prefectures/roads with Huizhou prefecture as the center”. (2) Mountain peaks category and cloud category are prominent landscape elements of Mount Qiyun, caverns, and wind are also more obvious, so the whole makes Mount Qiyun present the famous mountain image of “standing peaks and forests, facing cliffs, secluded valleys, and hidden rocks, shrouded in clouds and mist”. (3) Among the 81 typical landscapes, Xuantian Taisu Palace, Tianmen and Pearl Curtain are the focus of typical landscapes of architecture and structures, mountains and hydrology respectively. (4) In the Song and Yuan Dynasties, less numerous typical landscapes in Mount Qiyun laid the mountain development foundation. In the Ming Dynasty, the number, type, and typicality of typical landscapes increased sharply, which basically formed a complete mountain landscape pattern and set up a distinctive image of a famous mountain. In the Qing Dynasty, although the number of typical landscape of buildings and structures category decreased sharply, Mount Qiyun still maintained a relatively complete landscape pattern and certain influence under the support of the typical landscape of mountain category and water category. The study not only further clarifies the cultural deposits of Mount Qiyun, and its landscape pattern construction history and highlights the historical influence of Mount Qiyun, but also provides a reference for other famous mountains to find ways to excavate the aesthetic connotation and establish a typical image of the mountain, in order to develop towards high quality and integration of culture and tourism.