Based on studying the relevant ancient and modern materials of Taoism Nature Sanctuary in Henan, combined with field research, determined the number and specific location of the existing Taoism Nature Sanctuary in Henan Province. Combining the cultural background and humanistic activities of the fertile development of Taoism Nature Sanctuary in Henan Province from the worship of nature (mountain worship and water worship), myths, legends, and Taoism developed three directions. Then, the spatial characteristics of Taoism Nature Sanctuary in Henan were analyzed from five aspects and found that: due to the natural conditions of Henan’s “mountains on three sides” and “three rivers and one Yangtze,” the spatial layout of the landscape presents a “gourd” - spatial type pattern that conforms to the Taoist pursuit; several Taoism Nature Sanctuary in Henan offers a relationship network of “big cave heaven - (blessed land) - small cave heaven - blessed land” between each other; most of the sites are selected above the mountains and rivers (mountain peaks, mountainsides, and foothills); the landscape sequence has evolved from a scattered central layout to an axial design. The research aims to explore the cultural value and landscape characteristics of Taoism Nature Sanctuary in Henan from the province’s perspective so that Taoism Nature Sanctuary in Henan can be better protected and inherited.