Jiangyou Visit Diary is a travel note written by the famous traveler Xu Xiake when he visited the Jiang You area for the fourth time. It not only recorded in detail the social, cultural, and natural scenery of Jiangxi in the late Ming Dynasty but also carried Xu Xiake’s personal aesthetic consciousness of landscape, which can provide cultural support and a historical basis for the development of contemporary landscape resources. Through the analysis of the document records in the Diary of the Jiang Visit Diary, explore Xu Xiake’s investigation of various scenic resources in the Jiangyou area so as to clarify the overall landscape style of the Jiangyou area, then analyze his aesthetic attention to various kinds of landscape resources. Finally, the author summarizes the four aspects of his landscape aesthetic thought: natural priority, from macro to micro, pursuit of reason, and comparison of induction. This study provides theoretical support for the inheritance and development of Xu Xiake’s landscape aesthetic thought and the construction of the contemporary landscape and has the promotion significance to the perfection of the development and protection system of Chinese landscape resources.