The mountains of Jiangnan cities are not only a natural environment with unique regional characteristics of Jiangnan cities, an important historical environment with protection value, but also the eco-green core of the culture-context project of Yangtze River Delta. Many urban diseases caused by rapid and disordered urbanization have caused the rapid deterioration of the quality of the urban historical environment and the rupture of the cultural context, at the same times, the mountains of Jiangnan cities are also doomed. The important information is recorded in the historical materials of the past dynasties, especially in the local chronicles of the Qing Dynasty, which have clear and definite texts and vivid images. The subject of this paper is the mountains of Jiangnan cities representative of “the Eight Fu and One Zhou” in the Ming and Qing dynasties of Suzhou, Songjiang, Changzhou, Zhenjiang, Yingtian (Jiangning), Hangzhou, Jiaxing, Huzhou eight cities and from out of the jurisdiction of Suzhou province Taicang, with the help of the relatively comprehensive and rich historical records of the Qing Dynasty as the reference sources, this paper analyzes the pattern of urban mountains and their spatial relations in the Jiangnan area. Aiming at the deficiencies in the protection of the authenticity and integrity of the historical environment of the urban mountain range, this paper uses the spatial narrative theory to propose a “spatial narrative” model framework and method suitable for the historical environmental protection of the urban mountain range. It is expected to provide feasible landscape management ideas for the sustainable protection and development, and to create a modern beauty of the mountains of Jiangnan cities with a beautiful natural environment and profound cultural heritage, as well as providing a practical reference for the protection of the historical space of the mountains in other regions.