“Beautiful countryside, joint creation” is the critical content of improving the construction of the rural living environment. It is an effective way to achieve rural revitalization and community governance by establishing a multi-party co-governance mechanism for the government, villagers, professionals, and social forces. Based on the existing rural governance model, the factors affecting the construction of a rural human settlement environment are analyzed. In a participatory construction model of a rural setting with exogenous type as the mainstay, intermediary type, and endogenous type proposed, the main body and responsibility of public participation are clarified. The principles, mechanisms, processes, and specific methods of participation are expounded to provide a systematic and operable implementation path for promoting co-governance and sharing in rural communities. By introducing the participatory construction model, we will give full play to the collective wisdom of rural areas, gather value consensus, awaken the site’s vitality, achieve sustainable management, and create a rustic living environment with regional characteristics.