Chinese gardens have a profound humanistic spirit and aesthetic connotations. The cultural connotation and the essence of Chinese gardens are landscape culture, which is the fundamental difference between Chinese gardens and Western gardens and other garden arts. By tracing the origin of Chinese landscape culture and landscape thought, it is believed that Chinese gardens are three-dimensional space-time creations based on landscape aesthetics and landscape poetry and painting, which is the important carrier of Chinese landscape art. Four realms created by Chinese garden landscapes are proposed, namely, travel through nature and express love to the true landscape; retain the spirit instead of the form, poetic natural landscape; shrink simulation, the world is wide in the pot; flatter the way with shape and compare virtue with the landscape. Finally, relying on a gardening practice, it analyzes how to build landscapes in contemporary public landscapes to meet contemporary aesthetic needs, highlight the site characteristics and cultural values, and also contain the plural unity of literati’s interest and spiritual mood. Realize the inheritance and development of China’s excellent landscape garden art.