Chongqing has obvious mountainous features. The city gates constructed by men and the wharves prospered by water form an integrated spatial relationship. A Panorama of Yucheng is a map recording the city space and people’s lives of Chongqing in the Late Qing Dynasty, which shows a large number of production and life scenes on the river street. Based on the analysis of the scene elements of the artwork, the paper uses the 12 groups of city gate — wharf spaces as research samples, and studies their spatial form through two dimensions of vertical connection space and horizontal extension space. Finally, it can be concluded that the Chongqing gate — wharf has the spatial characteristics of coupling mountain and water environment, rich and diverse elements, open and overflowing forms, highly composite functions, and unique and distinctive city imago. The purpose of this study is to deeply understand the ancient Chongqing gate — wharf construction ideas, and further enrich the research of ancient Chongqing city space and provide guidance for the protection and renewal of the current riverside space.