Studies at home and abroad have shown that neighbourhood activity space is very important for the healthy growth of children. In recent years, the rapid development of urbanization and the uneven distribution of urban public space have led to a decline in the level of children's physical activity year by year. In order to explore the impact of neighborhood activity space on children’s physical activities, it is proposed to adopt IPA (Importance-Satisfaction Performance Analysis) to investigate and analyze the physical activities of children aged 4～6 in 7 neighborhood communities in Gulou District, Nanjing City as the research objects. Circumstances, explore the influence of perception factors such as safety, walk ability, traffic noise, and landscape on the preference of neighborhood activities. The results of the study show that the perception elements within the neighborhood activity space directly affect the level of children's physical activity. Therefore, from the perspective of children, in order to improve the level of children's physical activity, the focus of the future planning of urban neighbourhood activity space is put forward, which provides a reference for realizing the self-needs of urban children to engage in physical activities in neighbourhood spaces.