基于“双碳”目标的大都市近郊生态修复规划策略分析
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自然资源部大都市区国土空间生态修复工程技术创新中心开放课题“小型生境重构技术在大都市近郊生态修复中的应用研究——以浦东新区合庆镇市级土地整治项目(二期)为例”(编号:CXZX202007)


Strategies of Ecological Restoration Planning in the Suburbs of Metropolis under Dual Carbon Goal
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    摘要:

    生态修复是国土空间规划重要的专项内容和落实生态文明建设的关键工程,可系统影响区域低碳发展战略,而低碳层面的约束引导是推动“双碳”目标实现的重要工具。相较其他地区,大都市近郊地区对实现“双碳”目标具有重要的战略意义,故有必要借鉴成熟的全球经验和地区实践,归纳面向“双碳”目标的生态修复规划技术。研究系统梳理了当前与“双碳”目标密切相关的实践经验、政策法规、技术标准等,结合“双碳”目标底层原则,归纳得出在相关实践应用中的典型策略,包括需求侧优化、供给侧优化和负排放增强。以目前上海市近郊地区的土地整治、专项规划等项目为例,以生态农业园功能分区/布局优化、宅基地撤并/农民集中居住、可再生能源回收利用、材料循环使用/在地化/混凝土替代、适生植物/有机农业、硬质铺装改造等阐述需求侧优化措施;以光伏、地热、风电等非化石能源、新能源研发基地,绿色交通基础设施等阐述供给侧优化措施;以碳汇覆盖提升、稳定性增汇构建、固碳植被种类/布局优化等阐述负排放增强措施。总结得出自然要素和人为要素两大生态修复规划控制体系,基于现行国土空间规划体系提出生态修复规划的整体应用架构,根据实施保障要求提出各类非空间要素决策的赋能路径。

    Abstract:

    Ecological restoration is an important special content of land spatial planning and a key project to implement the construction of ecological civilization, which can systematically affect the regional low-carbon development strategy. Constraint guidance at the low-carbon level is an important tool to promote the realization of the dual carbon goal. Compared with other metropolises in China, the suburban areas of metropolitan areas are of great strategic significance to realizing the dual carbon goal, so it is necessary to draw on mature global experience and regional practice and summarize the ecological restoration planning technology aimed at the dual carbon goal. The research system sorted out the current practical experience, policies and regulations, technical standards closely related to the dual carbon goal, combined with the underlying principle of the dual carbon goal, and summarized the typical strategies in the relevant practical applications, including demand-side optimization, supply-side optimization and negative emission enhancement. Take land improvement and special planning projects in the suburbs of Shanghai, for example, supply-side optimization measures, homestead consolidation / farmer concentration, renewable energy recycling, material recycling / localization / concrete replacement, suitable plant / organic agriculture, hard pavement renovation; supply-side optimization measures for non-fossil energy, photovoltaic, geothermal, new energy research and development base, green transportation infrastructure, negative emission improvement measures with carbon sink coverage improvement, stability sink construction, carbon fixation vegetation type / layout optimization. This paper summarizes the two ecological restoration planning control system of natural elements and human elements, the overall application structure of ecological restoration planning based on the current territorial spatial planning system, and the enabling path of various non-spatial factors according to the implementation guarantee requirements.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2022-09-02
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