In order to protect and enhance the plant diversity in line with the characteristics of zonal vegetation and flora, we should first make a positive list (native plants) and a negative list (invasive plants) through the investigation and analysis of plant diversity background, and formulate the corresponding “regional plant diversity protection and development plan”, so as to better guide and serve the regional ecological environment protection. In this paper, the status of investigation on local plant diversity of China, innovative methods of investigation on plant diversity, methods of online data analysis and planning strategy combined with industry development were introduced, which taking the Heilongtan eco-city project in Renshou, Sichuan Province as an example to elaborate how to carry out plant diversity investigation, protection, development and utilization.