The quality of the walking environment has also become an essential indicator for measuring humanized cities. In recent years, scholars from various countries have continuously improved the evaluation system and improved pedestrian environment methods based on the concept of walkability. However, there are still some deficiencies in the research involving the impact of landscape elements on street walkability. Taking Zhongshan Avenue in Nanjing as an example, the article establishes a model through spatial syntax and performs calculations to analyze different road sections’ walkability. Two road sections with the highest walkability selected for fundamental analysis combined with the pedestrian flow and mobile phone signaling data analysis. In a questionnaire survey, this research constructed a streetscape element evaluation system, and it uses a questionnaire survey to construct an evaluation system for street landscape elements, to explore the impact of different landscape elements on street walkability. Simultaneously, the study puts forward suggestions for improving street walkability from the garden and landscape design perspective.